Burner tip



p 1932- v M. A. RICHFORD BURNER TIP Filed April 14, 1930 INVENTOR.

WYW

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Sept. 6, 1932 UNITED STATES- IAURICE A. RIOHFORD, OI OAKLAND,CALIFORNIA BURNER TIP- Application aied a i-n 14,

.' This invention relates'to gas burners of the Bunsen type andespecially to an auxiliary burner tip whereby the main flame of theBunsen burner is maintained.

. 5 Atmospheric pressure burners of the Bunsen'type such as used inlaboratories and like places usually consist of a burner tube, a gasnoz'z'le or tip whereby a mixture of gas and 'air is directed intotheburner tube and a base member supporting the tip and the tube. Thenozzle or tipdirects a jet of gas into one end of the burner tube andthe jet action of the. gascauses an induction of a sufiicient amount ofair to produce a mixture of gas and 16 air which burns with ablueflame'from the opposite end of the burner tube.

Atmospheric burners of the Bunsen type operate vrysatisfactorily wheresoscalled artificial 6r manufactured gas is used; that 20' is, agas'havingv acomparatively low E. t. 11. content, usually 400 to 600 B.t. u.s per cubic foot. Y The different kinds of flames, namely, reducingand oxidizing, are easily secured with this type of burner when usingmanufactured gas. However, when a gas having a high B. t. u. content isencountered, and especially natural gas with a content of, about 1100 B.t. u. per cubic foot, trouble is experienced in keeping the flamelighted. 80 When burning the gas in a sharp or oxidizing condition, theflame has a marked tendency to blow out at the slightest disturbances,such as drafts and movements. The reason for this is that natural gasesdo not contain free hydrogen, a rapid burning gas which imparts tomanufactured gas a high rate of flame propagation. On the contrary,natural gas contains a large percentage of methane, the slowest burningof the commercial gases. The additional air required to yield a sharpflame with natural gas increases the speed of the gas and air mixtureequal to or exceeding that of the velocity\of the flame propagation. Theflame then becomes unstable and extinguishes or blows out very easily.In fact, an oxidizing flame with a moderately well defined inner coneoften cannot be kept lighted even momentarily:

The object of the present invention is to generally improve and simplifythe construc- 1930. Serial in. 444,102.

tion and operation of burners of the character described and.particularly to provide a burner which is capable of handling-naturalgas without any danger of the flame becoming extinguished; to provide anauxiliary burnertip which is adapted to be/applied to burner tubes suchas employed in laboratory burners and the like and which is adapted to 1be applied in such a position as to supply a small auxiliary or pilotflame whereby combustion 'or burning of the main flame is insured; andfurther, to provide means where by a small portion of the gas and airmixture passing through the main burner tube is directed to theauxiliary burner tip and the flow of gas therethrough maintained'at lowvelocity.

The invention is shown by way of illustration in the accompanyingdrawing, in which: Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a Bunsen burner,showing the application of the auxiliary burner tip and Fig. 2 is a planview of the main tubeand the auxiliary burner tip applied'thereto.

Referring to the drawing in detail, and especiall Fig. 1, A indicates abase member of suitab e construction, 2 a main burner tube, 3 a yokewhereby the burner tube is secured and supported with relation to thebase, 4 a thumb screw engageable with the main burner tube to secure itand to permit vertical adjustment. 5 indicates a tube on the base whichis adapted to be connected with a source of gas supply, and 6 a nozzleor gas tip where by gas is directed into the lower end of the mainburner tube indicated at 2. The structure so far described is more orless common and illustrates Bunsen burners of the laboratory type. Theinvention forming the subject matter of the present application is theauxiliary burner tip indicated at 1. The tip is nothin more or lessthana short sleeve which is rictionally or otherwise secured on the upperend of the main burner tube, the upper inner end of the sleeve is turnedout. to form an annular surrounding chamber such as shown at 7, and thischamber is supplied with a mixture of air and gas through perforations 8formed in the main burner tube. These perforations are preferably I mWardly into the lower end of the mainburner tube and by its jet actioninduces a sufficient amount of air to form a mixture of gas and airwhich burns with a blue flame 1 from the'upper end of the tube. Naturalgas contains a large proportion of methane gas,

and this is rather difficult to burn in atmosillustrated. It will,however, readily .burn

' if supported by an auxiliary flame. In the present instance a mixtureof gas and air a under a relatively hi h velocity discharges from theupper end of the tube and will under ordinary circumstances not burn asthe flame leaves the upper end of the tube. In the i present instance asmall portion of the mixture is diverted by the inwardly extending Ibaffle members 9 and directed through the perforations 8 into theannular chamber 7. Themixture thusv diverted discharges atlow velocitythrough the upper end of the an-' nular chamber and there unites withthe main V flame and insures continuous burning thereof.

The pilot light or flame is ring-shaped, due

to the formation of the annular chamber; and due to the low velocity ofthe gas passing therethrough the flame will stick tightly to the tip andthus give continuous ignition to the fast moving gas and air mixtureleaving the main burner tube.

WVhile certain features of the present invention are more or lessspecifically described, I wish it understood that various changes may beresorted to within the scope of the appended claims. Similarly, that thematerlals and finishes of the several parts employed may be such as themanufacturer may decide, or varying conditions or uses may demand. IHaving thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Pat ent is 1. In a burner of the character described,

N an elongated main burner tube, means adjacent one end of the tube forsupplying 'a mixture of gas and air, a sleeve secured to V the oppositeend of the tube and forming an annular chamber exterior to the maintube, said main tube having perforations formed therein in communicationwith the annular chamber, and a plurality 'of halide members interior ofthe main tubeiwherebya small portion of the gas and air mixturedischarging therethrough is diverted through the perforations into theannular chamber.

- 2. In a burner of the character described,

'a m ain elongated burner tube of substantially uniform'diameterthroughout its length and having an unobstructed inlet and outletatphe'ric pressure burners of the type here

